If the octanol-water partitioning coefficient (Kow) of a contaminant is greater than 1, what can be inferred about the contaminant?

When the octanol-water partitioning coefficient (Kow) of a contaminant is greater than 1, it indicates that the contaminant is more soluble in octanol than in water. This characteristic suggests that the contaminant has a tendency to partition into organic phases rather than remaining in the aqueous phase.

Hydrophobic substances are typically non-polar and do not easily dissolve in water, making them more favorable to associate with organic solvents like octanol. Therefore, a Kow greater than 1 implies that the contaminant is hydrophobic, which in turn means it can accumulate in biological organisms and organic sediments, posing potential risks to environmental and human health due to its persistence and bioaccumulation potential.

In contrast, a Kow less than or equal to 1 would suggest hydrophilic characteristics, meaning the contaminant would be more soluble in water. Factors such as stability and volatility aren't directly inferred from Kow values, making those choices less relevant in this context.